空間光制御技術を用いることで実現できる応用を紹介します。
空間光制御技術の進展により、従来のレーザ加工の課題であった高品質なレーザ微細加工と加工速度の両立および安定した加工性能の実現が期待できます。
空間光制御デバイスの特長は、液晶の配向制御速度の範囲内で、波面をダイナミックに変化させることができる点にあります。光の集光点を多点にするだけでなく、ダイナミックにその数の増減や位置移動が可能となります。デジタル信号により制御されるため、再現性の高い波面制御を可能としています。
空間光制御デバイスは、集光の様子を観察し、その結果をデジタル的にフィードバックすることで、レーザの集光状態を常に最適な加工条件に安定化させることが可能です。これがデジタルフィードバック制御技術・加工点制御技術です。
少ない人数で高効率なモノづくりが求められる未来のレーザ加工現場では、設計データから、バーチャルな世界であるサイバー空間上に存在する加工モデルデータベースをもとに、AIによる機械学習によってレーザ加工レシピの最適化が行われます。そして、実際の世界であるフィジカル空間では、加工のレシピをもとにレーザ加工が開始されます。
このような、サイバー・フィジカル・システム(CPS)を利用した新時代のレーザ加工では、加工モデルデータベースをアップデートし続けるために、フィジカル空間で加工状況を正確に捉え、サイバー空間に伝えるセンシング技術とともに、サイバー空間で生成された加工レシピをフィジカル空間において緻密に再現するレーザ光の高精度な制御技術、つまり空間光制御技術が必要となります。
レーザ強度、ビーム径、集光形状などといったレーザ加工条件は、レーザ加工形状や加工対象物の材質などに大きく左右されるため、加工開始前に条件を多様に振った条件出し加工結果から、最適な条件を求める作業が必要となります。
この煩雑な探索作業を、空間光制御デバイスによって効率化させることができます。空間光制御デバイスのデジタルフィードバック制御により、多様な加工条件をもつ加工パターンを瞬時に生成、加工することが可能です。
さらに、空間光制御デバイスは、集光点近くの画像情報をもとに、自律的な光制御が可能です。将来的には、光制御により条件出し加工をしながら、サイバー空間上の加工モデルデータベースと連携し、最適に近い条件に追い込むような利用も考えられています。
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